Available Socioeconomic Position Indices

Numerous Socioeconomic Position Indices (SEPIs) have been developed for use in the United States and internationally. Our goal is to bring these measures together one centralized, accessible location—supporting reproducibility, transparency, broader application.

For indices that are actively maintained by their original developers, we provide direct links official websites so users can access most up-to-date versions. no longer maintained, limited scope, or lacking clear documentation, our team has re-created them using reproducible methods ensure continued availability usability. Below a list of currently available through this site: 

Reproducible Area Deprivation Index (ReADI)

The original Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was developed by Singh (2003) as a composite measure of socioeconomic disadvantage. A subsequent version was released through the Neighborhood Atlas website (Kind et al., 2014), which helped bring the ADI into broader public use. However, as interest in the ADI grew, questions emerged within the research community around certain methodological choices and data handling in that version.

In response, we created the Reproducible ADI (ReADI)—a transparent and fully documented implementation that revisits Singh’s original framework using updated data, revised thresholds, and reproducible methods. Our goal is to provide a robust and accessible version of the ADI for researchers, policymakers, and others interested in advancing equity through data-informed decision-making.

Social Vulnerability Index (SVI)

Developed by ATSDR’s Geospatial Research, Analysis, & Services Program (GRASP) at the CDC, the SVI identifies communities most likely to need support before, during, and after natural disasters. It uses census tract–level data to measure vulnerability across social, economic, and housing domains. We link to the CDC’s maintained version and provide documentation for users applying it in public health and emergency preparedness contexts.

Social Deprivation Index (SDI)

Originally developed by the Robert Graham-Center site, the SDI integrates key social determinants of health to quantify disadvantage at the local level. It was designed to support population health improvement, cost reduction, and equity. Given the need for continued production and distribution of this index, our team has taken on the responsibility of maintaining updated versions.

Neighborhood Stress Score (NSS7)

The NSS7 is a composite measure of neighborhood-level economic stress, developed by Arlene Ash and colleagues at the University of Massachusetts Medical School (Ash et al., 2017). Derived from seven census variables via principal component analysis, NSS7 was originally created to enhance risk adjustment for Massachusetts Medicaid (MassHealth) populations. We’ve documented and reproduced it here for broader application.

French Deprivation Index (FDep)

Originally created by Rey et al. (2009) to assess deprivation and its relationship with mortality across France, FDep is based on four census variables. We have adapted and reproduced the FDep index using U.S. Census data to make it applicable for American research and policy use, while retaining its core methodology. 

Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE)

ICE, developed by Krieger et al (2016), quantifies the concentration of privilege versus deprivation within a population. It is flexible and can be calculated using different domains, such as income, race, education, or employment. We provide ICE calculations for income, race, and combined income-race configurations, along with methodology and interpretation guidance.